<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD Journal Publishing DTD v3.0 20080202//EN" "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/nlm-dtd/publishing/3.0/journalpublishing3.dtd">
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="3.0" xml:lang="en">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">ISPRS-Annals</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">ISPRS-Annals</abbrev-journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="nlm-ta">ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">2194-9050</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Copernicus Publications</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/isprs-annals-IV-2-W5-187-2019</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>ENHANCED UAV NAVIGATION USING HALL-MAGNETIC AND AIR-MASS FLOW SENSORS IN INDOOR ENVIRONMENT</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Zahran</surname>
<given-names>S.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Moussa</surname>
<given-names>A.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>El-Sheimy</surname>
<given-names>N.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>Department of Geomatics Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2">
<label>2</label>
<addr-line>Department of Electrical Engineering, Port-Said University, Port Said, Egypt</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>29</day>
<month>05</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>IV-2/W5</volume>
<fpage>187</fpage>
<lpage>194</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright: &#x000a9; 2019 S. Zahran et al.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2019</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this licence, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"  xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link></license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://isprs-annals.copernicus.org/articles/IV-2-W5/187/2019/isprs-annals-IV-2-W5-187-2019.html">This article is available from https://isprs-annals.copernicus.org/articles/IV-2-W5/187/2019/isprs-annals-IV-2-W5-187-2019.html</self-uri>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://isprs-annals.copernicus.org/articles/IV-2-W5/187/2019/isprs-annals-IV-2-W5-187-2019.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://isprs-annals.copernicus.org/articles/IV-2-W5/187/2019/isprs-annals-IV-2-W5-187-2019.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>The use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) in many commercial and emergency applications has the potential to dramatically alter several industries, and, in the process, change our attitudes regarding their impact on our daily lives activities. The navigation system of these UAVs mainly depends on the integration between the Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) and Inertial Navigation System (INS) to estimate the positions, velocities, and attitudes (PVT) of the UAVs. However, GNSS signals are not always available everywhere and therefore during GNSS signal outages, the navigation system performance will deteriorate rapidly especially when using low-cost INS. Additional aiding sensors are required, during GNSS signal outages, to bound the INS errors and enhance the navigation system performance. This paper proposes the utilization of two sensors (Hall-magnetic and Air-Mass flow sensors) to act as flying odometer by estimating the UAV forward velocity. The estimated velocity is then integrated with INS through Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) to enhance the navigation solution estimation. A real experiment was carried out with the 3DR quadcopter while the proposed system is attached on the top of the quadcopter. The results showed great enhancement in the navigation system performance with more than 98% improvement when compared to the free running INS solution (dead-reckoning).</p>
</abstract>
<counts><page-count count="8"/></counts>
</article-meta>
</front>
<body/>
<back>
</back>
</article>