<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD Journal Publishing DTD v3.0 20080202//EN" "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/nlm-dtd/publishing/3.0/journalpublishing3.dtd">
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="3.0" xml:lang="en">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">ISPRS-Annals</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">ISPRS-Annals</abbrev-journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="nlm-ta">ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">2194-9050</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Copernicus Publications</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/isprs-annals-IV-4-W3-29-2017</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>GEOMETRIC MODELLING OF TREE ROOTS WITH DIFFERENT LEVELS OF DETAIL</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Guerrero Iñiguez</surname>
<given-names>J. I.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>Centro de Investigación en Geografía y Geomática"Ing. Jorge L. Tamayo", A.C., Contoy 137, Ciudad de México, México</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>25</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>IV-4/W3</volume>
<fpage>29</fpage>
<lpage>35</lpage>
<permissions>
<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this licence, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link></license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://isprs-annals.copernicus.org/articles/isprs-annals-IV-4-W3-29-2017.html">This article is available from https://isprs-annals.copernicus.org/articles/isprs-annals-IV-4-W3-29-2017.html</self-uri>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://isprs-annals.copernicus.org/articles/isprs-annals-IV-4-W3-29-2017.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://isprs-annals.copernicus.org/articles/isprs-annals-IV-4-W3-29-2017.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>This paper presents a geometric approach for modelling tree roots with different Levels of Detail, suitable for analysis of the tree
anchoring, potentially occupied underground space, interaction with urban elements and damage produced and taken in the built-in
environment. Three types of tree roots are considered to cover several species: tap root, heart shaped root and lateral roots. Shrubs
and smaller plants are not considered, however, a similar approach can be considered if the information is available for individual
species. The geometrical approach considers the difficulties of modelling the actual roots, which are dynamic and almost opaque to
direct observation, proposing generalized versions. For each type of root, different geometric models are considered to capture the
overall shape of the root, a simplified block model, and a planar or surface projected version. Lower detail versions are considered as
compatibility version for 2D systems while higher detail models are suitable for 3D analysis and visualization. The proposed levels
of detail are matched with CityGML Levels of Detail, enabling both analysis and aesthetic views for urban modelling.</p>
</abstract>
<counts><page-count count="7"/></counts>
</article-meta>
</front>
<body/>
<back>
</back>
</article>
