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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">ISPRS-Annals</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">ISPRS-Annals</abbrev-journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="nlm-ta">ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">2194-9050</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Copernicus Publications</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/isprs-annals-V-3-2022-171-2022</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>IMAGE-BASED BRDF MEASUREMENT</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Weil-Zattelman</surname>
<given-names>S.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Kizel</surname>
<given-names>F.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>Dept. of Mapping and Geoinformation Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 32000, Israel</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>17</day>
<month>05</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>V-3-2022</volume>
<fpage>171</fpage>
<lpage>177</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright: &#x000a9; 2022 S. Weil-Zattelman</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2022</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this licence, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"  xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link></license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
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<self-uri xlink:href="https://isprs-annals.copernicus.org/articles/V-3-2022/171/2022/isprs-annals-V-3-2022-171-2022.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://isprs-annals.copernicus.org/articles/V-3-2022/171/2022/isprs-annals-V-3-2022-171-2022.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>One of the most challenging effects of remote sensing is landcover materials&apos; Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function (BRDF). A wide range of approaches and measuring methods address the BRDF in various studies. However, there is a requirement for an accurate measurement setup and costly special equipment. Furthermore, the measurements and calculations are applied to model the BRDF for a single point on the object&apos;s surface. Considering these limitations, we propose a new modular framework and methodology for measuring, modeling, and analyzing the BRDF without the need for unique instruments. Instead, we suggest acquiring multiple overlapping images in a simple and time-saving way, sampling the desired object&apos;s Region Of Interest (ROI) in one image and automatically tracking it in the other images. Experimental results using laboratory data acquired under controlled conditions clearly show the advantages of our framework in retrieving the camera positions, tracking ROIs in the different images, and accurately measuring the BRDF of various land-cover types. Moreover, we observed the variability of the obtained measurements before and after applying the kernel-driven approach to minimize the BRDF effect. The results show that the applied correction reduces this variability significantly, indicating the high accuracy of measuring the directional reflectance using the proposed approach.</p>
</abstract>
<counts><page-count count="7"/></counts>
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