THE ROLE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND MACHINE LEARNING IN PRESERVING CULTURAL HERITAGE AND ART WORKS VIA VIRTUAL RESTORATION

Abstract. Artifacts including paintings, drawings, prints, mosaics, sculptures, historical structures and monuments, as well as archaeological sites present a key part of our cultural heritage. It consists of Intangible culture (such as folklore, traditions, language, and knowledge), tangible culture (such as buildings, monuments, landscapes, archival materials, books, works of art, and artifacts), and natural heritage (such as biodiversity and culturally significant landscapes) .Now we will concentrate on tangible culture and its problems and how to handle them. One of its biggest problems is that over the years the nature of the materials used in the creation of the artwork make them prone to cracks, fractures, stains, and colors fading and blurring. The causes of their damage could be of natural or human- related reasons. The natural causes range from war, fires, earthquakes, natural disasters and the human-related causes range from accidental events like to pollution which results of climate changes, which like acid rain. It is a must to consider the environment in which you store your artwork. Our regular environment's light, heat, moisture, and pollution levels can lead to harmful chemical and physical reactions in artwork. There are several reasons why it is necessary to preserve ancient works of art. The fact that it enables us to comprehend the historical and cultural context of the era in which it was made is one of the key factors. Then preserving our artworks is a must and this can be done by manual techniques or using machine learning algorithms.