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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">ISPRS-Annals</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">ISPRS-Annals</abbrev-journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="nlm-ta">ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">2194-9050</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Copernicus Publications</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/isprs-annals-X-2-2024-171-2024</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>Vehicle Geolocalization from Drone Imagery</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Novikov</surname>
<given-names>David</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Sotirelis</surname>
<given-names>Paul</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Yilmaz</surname>
<given-names>Alper</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>Weizmann Institute of Science, Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, Rehovot, Israel</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2">
<label>2</label>
<addr-line>AFRL, RYAP, Dayton, United States</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff3">
<label>3</label>
<addr-line>The Ohio State University, Department of Civil Environmental and Geodetic Engineering, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Columbus, United States</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>10</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>X-2-2024</volume>
<fpage>171</fpage>
<lpage>178</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright: &#x000a9; 2024 David Novikov et al.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2024</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this licence, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"  xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link></license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://isprs-annals.copernicus.org/articles/X-2-2024/171/2024/isprs-annals-X-2-2024-171-2024.html">This article is available from https://isprs-annals.copernicus.org/articles/X-2-2024/171/2024/isprs-annals-X-2-2024-171-2024.html</self-uri>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://isprs-annals.copernicus.org/articles/X-2-2024/171/2024/isprs-annals-X-2-2024-171-2024.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://isprs-annals.copernicus.org/articles/X-2-2024/171/2024/isprs-annals-X-2-2024-171-2024.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>We have developed a robust, novel, and cost-effective method for determining the geolocation of vehicles observed in drone camera footage. Previous studies in this area have relied on platform GPS and camera geometry to estimate the position of objects in drone footage, which we will refer to as object-to-drone location (ODL). The performance of these techniques is degraded with decreasing GPS measurement accuracy and camera orientation problems. Our method overcomes these shortcomings and reliably geolocates objects on the ground. We refer to our approach as object-to-map localization (OML). The proposed technique determines a transformation between drone camera footage and georectified aerial images, for example, from Google Maps. This transformation is then used to calculate the positions of objects captured in the drone camera footage. We provide an ablation study of our method&amp;rsquo;s configuration parameter, which are: feature extraction methods, key point filtering schemes, and types of transformations. We also conduct experiments with a simulated faulty GPS to demonstrate our method&amp;rsquo;s robustness to poor estimation of the drone&amp;rsquo;s position. Our approach requires only a drone with a camera and a low-accuracy estimate of its geoposition, we do not rely on markers or ground control points. As a result, our method can determine the geolocation of vehicles on the ground in an easy-to-set up and costeffective manner, making object geolocalization more accessible to users by decreasing the hardware and software requirements. Our GitHub with code can be found at &lt;code&gt;https://github.com/OSUPCVLab/VehicleGeopositioning&lt;/code&gt;</p>
</abstract>
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