Morphometric analysis of urban fluvial terraces using UAV LiDAR: A case study from the Santa Catarina River, Mexico

Abstract. This study analyzes the geomorphological evolution of fluvial terraces along the urban section of the Santa Catarina River (Nuevo León, México) by integrating high-resolution UAV-based LiDAR and photogrammetry. Six areas corresponding to previously reported cross-sections (A-F) were surveyed, analyzed and temporarily compared through digital elevation models, morphometric indices, and RGB orthomosaics. The results highlight significant anthropogenic impacts, including solid waste accumulation, hydraulic lining, and bridge construction, which have altered the morphology and visibility of several terraces. In contrast, area from the cross-section F-F’, less disturbed by human intervention, enabled detailed topographic and lithological characterization. Four terraces (T0-T3) were identified reflecting distinct depositional phases and energy regimes. The influence of recent tropical cyclones (Fernando, Hanna, and Alberto) was also visualized, revealing vegetation loss and terrace modification. UAV-LiDAR technology proved effective for high- precision mapping of urban fluvial systems and offers valuable tools for hydromorphological monitoring.