Features of Improving the Accuracy of Surveying for Shield Tunneling of the Second Stage of the Tashkent Metro

Abstract. The article discusses the features of improving the accuracy of mine surveying during shield tunneling in the second stage of the Tashkent Metro. Modern technical tools and methods of mine surveying have been investigated, including high-precision electronic total stations, laser scanning, automated observation stations, and the integration of satellite and inertial technologies. The importance of continuous deformation monitoring—such as the installation of observation marks, regular leveling, and displacement analysis—is emphasized. This approach enables prompt responses to potential threats and enhances the safety of construction operations. At the same time, the use of comprehensive measurement technologies that ensure high-precision navigation of the shield complex is highlighted. The practical part of the study includes an analysis of accuracy characteristics obtained in specific sections of the second stage of the metro. Data on the mutual docking of tunnels—performed with minimal deviations—confirm the effectiveness of the proposed solutions. Thanks to the timely correction of total station data, it was possible to achieve minimal deviations when entering the disassembly chamber. It is concluded that significant improvements in surveying accuracy are achievable through the integrated use of modern technologies and optimization of measurement techniques. The experience presented demonstrates the effectiveness of combining classical observation methods with modern geodetic technologies to enhance the accuracy and reliability of underground construction. The results are of scientific and practical interest and can be applied in the design and construction of underground structures in dense urban environments and complex geotechnical conditions.