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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">ISPRS-Annals</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">ISPRS-Annals</abbrev-journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="nlm-ta">ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">2194-9050</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Copernicus Publications</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/isprs-annals-XI-3-2026-787-2026</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>Mind the Gap: Bridging Prior Shift in Realistic Few-shot Crop-type Classification</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Reuss</surname>
<given-names>Joana</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Gikalo</surname>
<given-names>Ekaterina</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Körner</surname>
<given-names>Marco</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9186-4175</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>Technical University of Munich (TUM), TUM School of Engineering and Design, Department of Aerospace and Geodesy, Chair of Remote Sensing Technology, 80333 Munich, Germany</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2">
<label>2</label>
<addr-line>Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich Data Science Institute (MDSI), 85748 Garching, Germany</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff3">
<label>3</label>
<addr-line>ELLIS Unit Jena, University of Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>08</day>
<month>07</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>XI-3-2026</volume>
<fpage>787</fpage>
<lpage>795</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright: &#x000a9; 2026 Joana Reuss et al.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2026</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this licence, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"  xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link></license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://isprs-annals.copernicus.org/articles/XI-3-2026/787/2026/isprs-annals-XI-3-2026-787-2026.html">This article is available from https://isprs-annals.copernicus.org/articles/XI-3-2026/787/2026/isprs-annals-XI-3-2026-787-2026.html</self-uri>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://isprs-annals.copernicus.org/articles/XI-3-2026/787/2026/isprs-annals-XI-3-2026-787-2026.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://isprs-annals.copernicus.org/articles/XI-3-2026/787/2026/isprs-annals-XI-3-2026-787-2026.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>Real-world agricultural distributions often suffer from severe class imbalance, typically following a long-tailed distribution. Labeled datasets for crop-type classification are inherently scarce and remain costly to obtain. When working with such limited data, training sets are frequently constructed to be artificially balanced&amp;mdash;in particular in the case of few-shot learning&amp;mdash;failing to reflect real-world conditions. This mismatch induces a shift between training and test label distributions, degrading real-world generalization. To address this, we propose &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Diri&lt;/strong&gt;chlet&lt;strong&gt; P&lt;/strong&gt;rior &lt;strong&gt;A&lt;/strong&gt;ugmentation (DirPA)&lt;/em&gt;, a novel method that simulates an unknown label distribution skew of the target domain proactively during model training. Specifically, we model the real-world distribution as &lt;em&gt;Dirichlet&lt;/em&gt;-distributed random variables, effectively performing a prior augmentation during few-shot learning. Our experiments show that DirPA successfully shifts the decision boundary and stabilizes the training process by acting as a dynamic feature regularizer.</p>
</abstract>
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