ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences
Publications Copernicus

Volume XI-3-2026, 2026 – Keyword index

Volume XI-3-2026, 2026 – Keyword index

A

AHN ALOS-2/PALSAR-2 ASCAT Acadia forest Aerial Images Aerial LiDAR point cloud Aerodynamic roughness length Aerosol optical/microphysical parameters Agricultural Monitoring Air Pollution Airborne Data Airborne Laser Scanning Airplane All in One Model AlphaEarth Alpine grasslands Anomaly detection Antarctic Ice Shelves Antarctica ArcGIS Pro Autoencoder aerospace imagery agent architecture alpha earth foundations anomaly detection atmospheric effect automated mapping automatic annotations

B

Bark Bark Beetle Basal Melt Bayesian Method Bayesian inference Beijing Biodiversity Biomass Biomass estimation Building Damage Assessment Building deformation backscatter biodiversity bootstrap algorithm building rooftop extraction

C

CBERS 04A CFMap CHM CNN CNN-Transformer CS-Mamba CatBoost Ceramic Rooftops Change Detection Change Point Detection Change detection Class enhanced Climate monitoring Cloud Removal Cluster analysis Coastal Boundary Coffee Collaborative Detection Comandante Ferraz Antarctic Station Community Forests Connectivity Convnextv2 Crop classification Crop phenology Cross-Modal Fusion Cross-channel attention Cross-modal Attention Cryosphere Cube Kernel calibration camera captioning change detection classification climate change coastal monitoring coastline extraction crop-type classification cross-channel feature fusion

D

DBSCAN DEM DINOv3 Damage Assessment Data Definition Language Data fusion Dataset Deep Learning Deep learning Defect Detection Deforestation Deformation Deformation Monitoring Denoising Dense Connection Dense scenes Differential Feature Enhancement Diffusion Model DirPA Dirichlet distribution Disaster Response Domain adaptation Drought Dynamic point confidence data cube deep learning despeckling drone mapping

F

FEM FY-4A Feature Alignment Feature Interaction Field Boundary Detection Fine-Tuning Fine-grained classification Fire Risk Map Flood areas Flood depth Flood mapping Foliage penetration Food Security Forest Canopy Height Foundation Model Foundation Models Fusion Detection few-shot learning field-scale crop assessment forest mapping forest monitoring foundation models

G

GANs GCOM-W GEDI GEOBIA GIS GNSS time series Gaussian trough Geostationary satellite Golestan Google Earth Engine Gradient Gradient Boosting Regression Graph Attention Network Green Infrastructure Ground Cancellation Ground deformation Ground-notched InSAR gradient propagation

I

Ice-Ocean Interaction Image Destriping InSAR InSAR Time Series InSAR decomposition Industrial Heat Source Infrared Small Target Detection Infrared and Visible Image Fusion Infrastructure Inglewood Oil Field Instance Segmentation Instance segmentation Integration of Four Databases Interferometric Coherence Involution imagery

L

LLM Label-efficient HS-LiDAR-based DSM Classification Land Cover Land Cover Change Land Surface Temperature Land cover detection Land use and land cover Land-sea segmentation Landsat Landscape dynamics Landuse parameterization Large Language Model Large-scale imagery Leaf Leaf chlorophyll content Liberia Lightweight Linear Infrastructure Local context-based features Logistic Regression Lossy Data Compression Low-Rank Adaptation Low-altitude Safety Low-coherence agricultural areas landfill lighting type detection

M

MODIS burned area product; United States; spatial and temporal alignments MSI Images MTBS Machine Learning Machine learning Machine learning regression Majority voting Marine Pollution Mask R-CNN Maximum inter-class variance method Miami-Dade County MintPy Mixed noise Mixture of Experts Monocular Depth Estimation Morphological Spatial Pattern Analysis Morphology Multi-Class Building Change Detection Multi-Modal Fusion Multi-Source Fusion Multi-Temporal InSAR Multi-modal Multi-modal Feature Fusion Multi-scale features Multimodal data Multimodal pseudo-Siamese Network Multispectral UAV machine learning mixed-crop farming multispectral

O

Object Detection Object detection Oil Spill Detection Online learning Open Vocabulary Open-Vocabulary Detection Optical Image Optical MX Optical remote sensing Oriented Object Detection Outlier-guided Ozone Downscaling optical flow

P

PROSAIL PSI Parametric modelling Participatory Planning Particle Swarm Optimization Permafrost degradation Photovoltaic Inspection Physics-informed Pit Lake Pixel clustering PlanetScope Point Cloud Data Point cloud classification Point cloud semantic segmentation Pol-InSAR PolSAR PolTomoSAR Polarimetric SAR PostgreSQL Pre-trained Model Precision agriculture Principal Components Analysis Pseudo-Labeling passive microwave radiometer phenology polar coordinate transformation polarization decomposition precision agriculture prior shift protected areas

R

RGB color composite Railway Bridge Random Forest Random Forest Regression model Random forest Rasterization Real-world data Reconstruction Error Propagation Regression Remote Sensing Remote Sensing Scene Generation Remote sensing Remote sensing image Remote sensing imagery Representation Learning Retrogressive thaw slumps Rock outcrops rainforest remote sensing

S

SAR SAR Images SAR imagery SBAS SDG2 SHAP Safety risk level Saguenay Fjord Satellite Data Satellite Imagery Satellite Remote Sensing Satellite imagery Satellite remote sensing Scene description Sea Ice Thickness Prediction Segmentation Self-supervised learning Semantic Segmentation Semantic segmentation Semi-arid Savannah Sentinel Sentinel-1 Sentinel-1B Sentinel-2 Sentinel-2 tandem Sentinel-5P Shadow removal Simulation-Based Training Singular Spectrum Analysis Slice-wise inference Small UAV Target Soil Brightness Soil Monitoring Soil Organic Carbon (SOC) Soil Texture Soybean LCC estimation Spatial Autocorrelation Spatial Resolution Spatial representation coefficients (SRCs) Species Richness Spectral Analysis Spectral Compression Spectral Index Spectral Unmixing Spectral Variablity Spectral indices Strip Convolution Subsidence Super-Resolution Surface Nitrogen Dioxide Surface-based Radar Survey and Monitoring Sustainable Development Sweet potato varieties Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Synthetic point clouds satellite remote sensing scatterometer segmentation self-supervised semantic segmentation sentinel-2 stereo SAR

T

TEMPO Satellite Taiga forest Temporal Convolutional Networks Temporal modeling Temporal-Spatial Embedding TerraSAR-X Terrestrial LiDAR Text-to-Image Texture enhancement Thermal Effects Time series descriptors Time-series Image Reconstruction Tiny Object Detection Topographic Maps Transfer Learning Transformer Transformers Tree species Tree species identification Tunnel Excavation transfer learning tree species classification trees

U

U-Net UAV UAV Imagery UAV LiDAR simulation UAV imagery UHI Prediction Uncertainty Analysis Understory Vegetation Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Unsupervised classification Urban ALS point clouds Urban Air Quality Urban Areas Urban Heat Island (UHI) Urban Planning unsupervised

V

Variational Autoencoder Vegetation Indices Vegetation indices Vehicle detection Video Vision Transformer Vision-language Model Visual Foundation Models Visual State Space Models vegetation cycle visual feature
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