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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">ISPRS-Annals</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">ISPRS-Annals</abbrev-journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="nlm-ta">ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">2194-9050</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Copernicus Publications</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/isprs-annals-XI-4-2026-369-2026</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>A Micro-Scale Walkability Metric for Pleasant Pedestrian Route Planning</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Taylor</surname>
<given-names>George</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Karamitov</surname>
<given-names>Kaloyan</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Petrova-Antonova</surname>
<given-names>Dessislava</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9920-8877</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>GATE Institute, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>10</day>
<month>07</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>XI-4-2026</volume>
<fpage>369</fpage>
<lpage>376</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright: &#x000a9; 2026 George Taylor et al.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2026</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this licence, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"  xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link></license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://isprs-annals.copernicus.org/articles/XI-4-2026/369/2026/isprs-annals-XI-4-2026-369-2026.html">This article is available from https://isprs-annals.copernicus.org/articles/XI-4-2026/369/2026/isprs-annals-XI-4-2026-369-2026.html</self-uri>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://isprs-annals.copernicus.org/articles/XI-4-2026/369/2026/isprs-annals-XI-4-2026-369-2026.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://isprs-annals.copernicus.org/articles/XI-4-2026/369/2026/isprs-annals-XI-4-2026-369-2026.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>This paper proposes a micro-scale walkability metric based on harmonised indicators that supports pedestrian route planning, which prioritises pleasant environments alongside distance efficiency. The employed method quantifies street segments and crossings using geospatial indicators, including pavement width, slope, shade, adjacency to traffic, park context, and crossing type and width. Indicator values are transformed into percentile ranks to harmonise heterogeneous inputs and aggregated into a single edge-level walkability score on a 0-1 scale. The score is integrated into a routing cost function that reduces edge costs with higher walkability, favouring calmer, greener, and wider links while bounding detours relative to the shortest path. The method also accommodates the incorporation of street-level perceptions through a structured survey instrument and a confidence-weighted fusion scheme. The results show various spatial patterns. Central areas and park-adjacent segments exhibit higher scores, while steep, narrow, and traffic-exposed links score lower, and several suburban and foothill districts display reduced walkability. The comparison with a distance-only baseline shows selection of quieter alignments with modest length increases, indicating potential gains in perceived pleasantness.</p>
</abstract>
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</article-meta>
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