ISPRS-Annals ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences ISPRS-Annals ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci. 2194-9050 Copernicus Publications Göttingen, Germany 10.5194/isprs-annals-XI-4-2026-37-2026 The Research on Renewal Theory and Method for the CGCS2000 Reference Framework Jiang Zhihao 1 Bai Ju 1 Yu Hao 1 Peng Yunlu 1 Che Linlin 1 Zhang He 1 National Geomatics Center of China, Beijing 100830, China 10 07 2026 XI-4-2026 37 44 Copyright: © 2026 Zhihao Jiang et al. 2026 This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this licence, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This article is available from https://isprs-annals.copernicus.org/articles/XI-4-2026/37/2026/isprs-annals-XI-4-2026-37-2026.html The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://isprs-annals.copernicus.org/articles/XI-4-2026/37/2026/isprs-annals-XI-4-2026-37-2026.pdf

The CGCS2000 (China Geodetic Coordinate System 2000) reference framework, which has been employed since July 1, 2008 is based on the ITRF97 reference framework and only meets the application requirements of China's regional. With the sustained development of China's economy and society, and the globalization of the applications of BeiDou navigation satellite system (BDS), there is a need to establish global CGCS2000 reference framework. This paper studies mathematical method for construction Global CGCS2000 reference framework, the theory and algorithm of two-step method with the inner constraints theory is analyzed. The constraint conditions of coordinate reference are redefined according to the minimum standard of frame transition parameters and rate variation. As a result, the adjusted network enjoys the highest degree of fitting to the shape of the initial network and maintain the inherent purity of the coordinate network using different observation technologies, this research result can improve the basic theory of terrestrial reference framework determination, and provide scientific methods for the globalization of the CGCS2000.