JIGSAW: THE ISIS3 BUNDLE ADJUSTMENT FOR EXTRATERRESTRIAL PHOTOGRAMMETRY

Abstract. The Integrated Software for Imagers and Spectrometers (ISIS) package was developed by the Astrogeology Science Center of the U.S. Geological Survey in the late 1980s for the cartographic and scientific processing of planetary image data. Initial support was implemented for the Galileo NIMS instrument. Constantly evolving, ISIS has since added support for numerous missions, including most recently the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter, MESSENGER, and Dawn missions, plus support for the Metric Cameras flown onboard Apollo 15, 16, and 17. To address the challenges posed by extraterrestrial photogrammetry, the ISIS3 bundle adjustment module, jigsaw, is evolving as well. Here, we report on the current state of jigsaw including improvements such as the implementation of sparse matrix methods, parameter weighting, error propagation, and automated robust outlier detection. Details from the recent processing of Apollo Metric Camera images and from recent missions such as LRO and MESSENGER are given. Finally, we outline future plans for jigsaw, including the implementation of sequential estimation; free network adjustment; augmentation of the functional model of the bundle adjustment to solve for camera interior orientation parameters and target body parameters of shape, spin axis position, and spin rate; the modeling of jitter in line scan sensors; and the combined adjustment of images from a variety of platforms.