THE SEN1-2 DATASET FOR DEEP LEARNING IN SAR-OPTICAL DATA FUSION

192 citations as recorded by crossref.

1. A Flexible Multi-Temporal and Multi-Modal Framework for Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 Analysis Ready Data P. Upadhyay et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14051120
2. Optical and SAR Image Registration Based on Feature Decoupling Network D. Xiang et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2022.3211858
3. Robust Optical and SAR Image Registration Using Weighted Feature Fusion A. Luo et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs17152544
4. A Dual-Generator Translation Network Fusing Texture and Structure Features for SAR and Optical Image Matching H. Nie et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14122946
5. SMAF-net: semantics-guided modality transfer and hierarchical feature fusion for optical-SAR image registration Y. Hong et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2025.104827
6. Comparative Analysis of Edge Information and Polarization on SAR-to-Optical Translation Based on Conditional Generative Adversarial Networks Q. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13010128
7. Change Captioning Meets SAR Imagery: A Multimodal Dataset and Bitemporal Modeling Framework E. Ozelbas et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/LGRS.2026.3687910
8. Efficient End-to-End Diffusion Model for One-Step SAR-to-Optical Translation J. Qin et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/LGRS.2024.3506566
9. Continuous Forest Monitoring Using Cumulative Sums of Sentinel-1 Timeseries J. Ruiz-Ramos et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12183061
10. SAR and Multi-Spectral Data Fusion for Local Climate Zone Classification with Multi-Branch Convolutional Neural Network G. He et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15020434
11. AIR-POLSAR-CR1.0: A Benchmark Dataset for Cloud Removal in High-Resolution Optical Remote Sensing Images with Fully Polarized SAR Y. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs17020275
12. A Novel Loss Function for Optical and SAR Image Matching: Balanced Positive and Negative Samples Y. He et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/LGRS.2022.3225965
13. Remote Sensing Data Fusion With Generative Adversarial Networks: State-of-the-art methods and future research directions P. Liu et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/MGRS.2022.3165967
14. Sar2color: Learning Imaging Characteristics of SAR Images for SAR-to-Optical Transformation Z. Guo et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14153740
15. Two-Way Generation of High-Resolution EO and SAR Images via Dual Distortion-Adaptive GANs Y. Qing et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15071878
16. Cloud-Guided Fusion With SAR-to-Optical Translation for Thick Cloud Removal X. Xiang et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2024.3431556
17. SAR Temporal Shifting: A New Approach for Optical-to-SAR Translation with Consistent Viewing Geometry M. Rangzan et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16162957
18. Multisensor Fusion and Explicit Semantic Preserving-Based Deep Hashing for Cross-Modal Remote Sensing Image Retrieval Y. Sun et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2021.3136641
19. Feature Matching and Position Matching Between Optical and SAR With Local Deep Feature Descriptor Y. Liao et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTARS.2021.3134676
20. Robust Matching for SAR and Optical Images Using Multiscale Convolutional Gradient Features L. Zhou et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/LGRS.2021.3105567
21. A Multihierarchy Flow Field Prediction Network for Multimodal Remote Sensing Image Registration W. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTARS.2025.3532939
22. HVT-cGAN: Hybrid Vision Transformer cGAN for SAR-to-Optical Image Translation W. Zhao et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2024.3523040
23. Feature-Guided SAR-to-Optical Image Translation J. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2987105
24. Self-Supervised Pre-Training with Bridge Neural Network for SAR-Optical Matching L. Qian et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14122749
25. Modified pix2pixHD for Enhancing Spatial Resolution of Image for Conversion from SAR Images to Optical Images in Application of Landslide Area Detection K. Arai https://doi.org/10.3390/info16030163
26. Optical and SAR Image Matching Using Pixelwise Deep Dense Features H. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/LGRS.2020.3039473
27. SAR foundation models: a comprehensive review of data, models, and applications Y. Hou et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11432-026-5040-3
28. ADD-UNet: An Adjacent Dual-Decoder UNet for SAR-to-Optical Translation Q. Luo et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15123125
29. A review of fusion framework using optical sensors and Synthetic Aperture Radar imagery to detect and map land degradation and sustainable land management in the semi-arid regions D. Sengani et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/10106049.2023.2278325
30. An Optical–SAR Remote Sensing Image Automatic Registration Model Based on Multi-Constraint Optimization Y. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs18020333
31. Variational Diffusion Method for Remote Sensing Image Fusion C. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/LGRS.2024.3388167
32. Multi-Expert Learning Framework With the State Space Model for Optical and SAR Image Registration W. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2026.3664116
33. Sentinel-2 Sharpening via Parallel Residual Network J. Wu et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12020279
34. MS-GAN: Learn to Memorize Scene for Unpaired SAR-to-Optical Image Translation Z. Guo et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTARS.2024.3411691
35. Adversarial Examples for CNN-Based SAR Image Classification: An Experience Study H. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTARS.2020.3038683
36. MIVI: multi-stage feature matching for infrared and visible image Y. Di et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00371-023-02889-9
37. OS-PCMM: Automatic Registration Algorithm for Optical and SAR Image Based on Phase Congruency and Multimoment Feature Y. Liang et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTARS.2025.3593386
38. Automatic Registration of Optical and SAR Images Via Improved Phase Congruency Model Y. Xiang et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTARS.2020.3026162
39. Multiscale learning-based optical image–guided super-resolution network for synthetic aperture radar image Y. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JRS.19.026506
40. Lie to Me: A Soft Threshold Defense Method for Adversarial Examples of Remote Sensing Images L. Chen et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/LGRS.2021.3096244
41. A Novel Coarse-to-Fine Deep Learning Registration Framework for Multimodal Remote Sensing Images D. Quan et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2023.3306042
42. ОБРАТИМАЯ МНОГОШАГОВАЯ ДИФФУЗИОННАЯ МОДЕЛЬ ДЛЯ ПРЕОБРАЗОВАНИЯ ИЗОБРАЖЕНИЙ НА ОСНОВЕ РАДИОЛОКАЦИОННЫХ И ОПТИЧЕСКИХ ДАННЫХ А. Минаев & В. Федоров https://doi.org/10.26583/vestnik.2025.3.7
43. Learning-Based SAR–Optical Registration for Navigation: Insights From a Multiyear, Multiseason Continental-Scale Dataset S. Bertrand et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2025.3624474
44. Context-Driven Automatic Target Detection With Cross-Modality Real-Synthetic Image Merging Z. Geng et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTARS.2025.3531788
45. OGSRN: Optical-guided super-resolution network for SAR image Y. LI et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cja.2021.08.036
46. A Survey on SAR and Optical Satellite Image Registration O. Sommervold et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15030850
47. SAR-to-optical image translation using multi-stream deep ResCNN of information reconstruction Y. Pan et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2023.120040
48. Multi-View Feature Fusion and Visual Prompt for Remote Sensing Image Captioning S. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2024.3426359
49. An unpaired SAR-to-optical image translation method based on Schrödinger bridge network and multi-scale feature fusion J. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-75762-x
50. Quality Assessment of SAR-to-Optical Image Translation J. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12213472
51. Integrating Multitemporal SAR and Optical Information for Missing Optical Imagery Generation C. Dong et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2024.3451558
52. SAR Target Recognition Using cGAN-Based SAR-to-Optical Image Translation Y. Sun et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14081793
53. A Global-to-Local Algorithm for High-Resolution Optical and SAR Image Registration Y. Xiang et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2023.3309855
54. Grassland mowing event detection using combined optical, SAR, and weather time series A. Holtgrave et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2023.113680
55. A lightweight deep convolutional network with inverted residuals for matching optical and SAR images Y. Zhu et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2024.2347529
56. HARC-Net: Hierarchical Multiaxis Representation and Adaptive Residual Calibration for End-to-End SAR-to-Optical Image Translation Y. Zhu et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTARS.2026.3715999
57. CosmDiff: Integrating Multitemporal Optical-SAR Data With Conditional Diffusion Models for Optical Satellite Time Series Reconstruction Y. Yuan et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTARS.2026.3655691
58. Improving crop classification accuracy using Sentinel-1 C-SAR data and GAN-generated optical images R. Sonobe et al. https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JRS.19.024505
59. A Robust Joint Optimization Network for Feature Detection and Description in Optical and SAR Image Matching X. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/LGRS.2025.3626750
60. Feature Intensification Using Perception-Guided Regional Classification for Remote Sensing Image Super-Resolution Y. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16224201
61. Comparison of SAR-Optical translation frameworks based on Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN) R. SONOBE et al. https://doi.org/10.4287/jsprs.62.127
62. Despeckling of Synthetic Aperture Radar Images Using Linear–Angular Attention Transformer S. Kundu et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2025.3628887
63. Contrastive Learning of Multimodal Consistency Feature Representation for Remote Sensing Image Registration Z. Han et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTARS.2024.3405020
64. CSHNet: A Novel Information Asymmetric Image Translation Method X. Yang et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCSVT.2025.3612484
65. 3MOS: a multi-source, multi-resolution, and multi-scene optical-SAR dataset with insights for multi-modal image matching Y. Ye et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44267-025-00091-0
66. Reciprocal translation between SAR and optical remote sensing images with cascaded-residual adversarial networks S. Fu et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11432-020-3077-5
67. Multimodal Remote Sensing Image Registration via Modality Perception and Self-Supervised Position Estimation Y. Xiao et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2025.3576290
68. A novel SAR and optical image fusion algorithm based on an improved SPCNN and phase congruency information Y. Fu et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2023.2179899
69. Multifeature Alignment and Matching Network for SAR and Optical Image Registration X. Hu et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTARS.2024.3492278
70. A Novel Rotation and Scale Equivariant Network for Optical-SAR Image Matching H. Nie et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2024.3452929
71. A Robust Two-Stage Registration Algorithm for Large Optical and SAR Images Y. Xiang et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2021.3133863
72. Learning a Joint Embedding of Multiple Satellite Sensors: A Case Study for Lake Ice Monitoring M. Tom et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2022.3211184
73. Optical and Synthetic Aperture Radar Image Fusion for Ship Detection and Recognition: Current state, challenges, and future prospects Z. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/MGRS.2024.3404506
74. Learning SAR-to-Optical Image Translation via Diffusion Models With Color Memory Z. Guo et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTARS.2024.3439516
75. SAR-to-Virtual Optical Image Translation for Improving SAR Automatic Target Recognition I. Lee & C. Park https://doi.org/10.1109/LGRS.2023.3312140
76. Optical and SAR Image Fusion: A Review of Theories, Methods, and Applications R. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs18010073
77. CycleGAN-Based SAR-Optical Image Fusion for Target Recognition Y. Sun et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15235569
78. OS-SBDA: a dual-track Schrödinger Bridge adversarial framework for unpaired optical-to-SAR image translation W. Zhu et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2026.2703289
79. A Comparative Review of Manifold Learning Techniques for Hyperspectral and Polarimetric SAR Image Fusion J. Hu et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11060681
80. A Novel Approach to Incomplete Multimodal Learning for Remote Sensing Data Fusion Y. Chen et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2024.3387837
81. Enhancing Adversarial Transferability With Intermediate Layer Feature Attack on Synthetic Aperture Radar Images X. Wan et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTARS.2024.3507374
82. An Advanced SAR Image Despeckling Method by Bernoulli-Sampling-Based Self-Supervised Deep Learning Y. Yuan et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13183636
83. Addition of fake imagery generated by generative adversarial networks for improving crop classification R. Sonobe et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2024.06.026
84. A Survey of Artificial Intelligence Approaches for Target Surveillance With Radar Sensors A. Wrabel et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/MAES.2021.3065069
85. SAR-to-Optical Image Translation Using Supervised Cycle-Consistent Adversarial Networks L. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2939649
86. A Robust Strategy for Large-Size Optical and SAR Image Registration Z. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14133012
87. Deep Learning Approach for SAR Image Retrieval for Reliable Positioning in GPS-Challenged Environments A. Semenov et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2024.3376691
88. Multimodal Remote Sensing Image Matching via Learning Features and Attention Mechanism Y. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2023.3348980
89. Deep Learning Methods for SAR and Optical Image Fusion: A Review C. Guo et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs18081196
90. Category-Oriented Localization Distillation for SAR Object Detection and a Unified Benchmark C. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2023.3291356
91. Recent Advancements in Deep Learning for SAR-to-Optical Image Translation: A Systematic Literature Review (2021–2025) T. Dove et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTARS.2026.3682953
92. SAR-to-Optical Image Translating Through Generate-Validate Adversarial Networks H. Shi et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/LGRS.2022.3168391
93. MS-POFT: multiscale phase-orientation guided feature transform for multi-modal image matching Z. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/10095020.2025.2486279
94. Multitemporal SAR-to-Optical Image Translation Using Pix2Pix With Application to Vegetation Monitoring D. Amitrano https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3454513
95. Generative Artificial Intelligence Meets Synthetic Aperture Radar: A survey Z. Huang et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/MGRS.2024.3483459
96. Robust Damage Estimation of Typhoon Goni on Coconut Crops with Sentinel-2 Imagery A. Rodríguez et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13214302
97. Reliability analysis of multimodal scene matching based on correlation peaks Z. YU et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cja.2024.06.024
98. ACFNet: A Feature Fusion Network for Glacial Lake Extraction Based on Optical and Synthetic Aperture Radar Images J. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13245091
99. A SAR-to-Optical Image Translation Method Based on Conditional Generation Adversarial Network (cGAN) Y. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2977103
100. Cascaded Homography-Constrained Local Feature Matching for Optical and SAR Images X. Yuan et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTARS.2025.3541071
101. AmazonCRIME: un conjunto de datos y punto de referencia de Inteligencia Artificial Geoespacial para la clasificación de áreas potenciales vinculadas a Crímenes Ambientales Transnacionales en la Selva Amazónica J. Pinto-Hidalgo & J. Silva-Centeno https://doi.org/10.4995/raet.2022.15710
102. Multi-Scale translation method from SAR to optical remote sensing images based on conditional generative adversarial network Y. Kong et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2022.2072179
103. SAR Image Colorization Using Multidomain Cycle-Consistency Generative Adversarial Network G. Ji et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/LGRS.2020.2969891
104. OS-CycleGAN: Modified CycleGAN-Based Descriptors for Optical and SAR Image Matching A. Liaghat et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2025.3575193
105. Matching of TerraSAR-X derived ground control points to optical image patches using deep learning T. Bürgmann et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2019.09.010
106. SAR Despeckling Using a Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Model M. Perera et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/LGRS.2023.3270799
107. Multiscale Generative Adversarial Network Based on Wavelet Feature Learning for SAR-to-Optical Image Translation H. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2022.3211415
108. S3OIL: Semi-Supervised SAR-to-Optical Image Translation via Multi-Scale and Cross-Set Matching X. Yang et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIP.2025.3616576
109. CFCA-SET: Coarse-to-Fine Context-Aware SAR-to-EO Translation With Auxiliary Learning of SAR-to-NIR Translation J. Lee et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2023.3318980
110. DMSC-GAN: A c-GAN-Based Framework for Super-Resolution Reconstruction of SAR Images Y. Kong & S. Liu https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16010050
111. A Diffusion-Guided Task Decomposition Framework for SAR-to-Optical Image Translation D. Du et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTARS.2025.3623105
112. Multimodal remote sensing image registration： a survey Z. Bai & Y. Yuanxin https://doi.org/10.11834/jig.230737
113. Rapid flood detection in global scene based on multimodal data collaboration G. Qin et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/17538947.2025.2554307
114. Phy-OSShip-MS Dataset: A Paired Optical–SAR Ship Imagery Generation Method via Hierarchical Physics-Guided Style Transfer J. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTARS.2026.3699023
115. Deep Learning Methods For Synthetic Aperture Radar Image Despeckling: An Overview Of Trends And Perspectives G. Fracastoro et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/MGRS.2021.3070956
116. Enhancing Transferability with Intra-Class Transformations and Inter-Class Nonlinear Fusion on SAR Images X. Huang et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16142539
117. Satellite SAR-to-optical translation with pre-trained large-scale generative models J. Wei et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/2150704X.2026.2684278
118. Transfer Learning for Optical and SAR Data Correspondence Identification With Limited Training Labels M. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTARS.2020.3044643
119. A Rotation-Invariant Optical and SAR Image Registration Algorithm Based on Deep and Gaussian Features Z. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13132628
120. RMSO-ConvNeXt: A Lightweight CNN Network for Robust SAR and Optical Image Matching Under Strong Noise Interference C. Yang et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2025.3550936
121. MSG: Robust Multimodal Remote Sensing Image Matching Using Side Window Gaussian Space C. Zheng et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2025.3591504
122. U-SeqNet: learning spatiotemporal mapping relationships for multimodal multitemporal cloud removal Q. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/15481603.2024.2330185
123. Scene-Embedded Generative Adversarial Networks for Semi-Supervised SAR-to-Optical Image Translation Z. Guo et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/LGRS.2024.3471553
124. FG-GAN: A Fine-Grained Generative Adversarial Network for Unsupervised SAR-to-Optical Image Translation X. Yang et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2022.3165371
125. Cloud Removal in Remote Sensing Images Using Generative Adversarial Networks and SAR-to-Optical Image Translation F. Darbaghshahi et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2021.3131035
126. SAR-to-Optical Image Translation Based on Conditional Generative Adversarial Networks—Optimization, Opportunities and Limits M. Fuentes Reyes et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11172067
127. Optical and SAR Images Matching Based on Phase Structure Convolutional Features Y. Liu et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/LGRS.2023.3298687
128. Conditional Diffusion Model With Spatial-Frequency Refinement for SAR-to-Optical Image Translation J. Qin et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2024.3491826
129. High-Resolution and Large-Scene Optical-SAR Registration via Star-UNet: A Local-to-Global Approach With Implicit Kernel Mapping G. Qing et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTARS.2025.3627228
130. Use of a DNN-Based Image Translator with Edge Enhancement Technique to Estimate Correspondence between SAR and Optical Images H. Toriya et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/app12094159
131. Optical-guided residual learning network for synthetic aperture radar image super-resolution Y. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JRS.16.036503
132. A Visible and Synthetic Aperture Radar Image Fusion Algorithm Based on a Transformer and a Convolutional Neural Network L. Hu et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics13122365
133. HSFMamba: Hierarchical Selective Fusion Mamba Network for Optics-Guided Joint Super-Resolution and Denoising of Noise-Corrupted SAR Images Z. Zhao et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTARS.2025.3581216
134. Black-Box Universal Adversarial Attack for DNN-Based Models of SAR Automatic Target Recognition X. Wan et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTARS.2024.3384188
135. Temporal Co-Attention Guided Conditional Generative Adversarial Network for Optical Image Synthesis Y. Weng et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15071863
136. A Multiscale Unsupervised Orientation Estimation Method With Transformers for Remote Sensing Image Matching H. Nie et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/LGRS.2023.3234531
137. GFTT: Geographical Feature Tokenization Transformer for SAR-to-Optical Image Translation H. Liang et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTARS.2024.3523274
138. Enhancing Spectral Quality through Multisource Fusion of SAR and Optical Imagery Using Deep Learning C. Ha https://doi.org/10.33093/jetap.2026.8.1.4
139. Multi-Temporal Sentinel-1 and -2 Data Fusion for Optical Image Simulation W. He & N. Yokoya https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi7100389
140. MARU-Net: Multiscale Attention Gated Residual U-Net With Contrastive Loss for SAR-Optical Image Matching M. Gazzea et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTARS.2023.3277550
141. SAR-to-optical image translation for quality enhancement Y. Luo & D. Pi https://doi.org/10.1007/s12652-021-03665-0
142. Target-Level SAR-to-Optical Image Translation Driven by Semantic Segmentation H. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/TAES.2025.3650511
143. Conditional Brownian Bridge Diffusion Model for VHR SAR to Optical Image Translation S. Kim & D. Chung https://doi.org/10.1109/LGRS.2025.3562401
144. CFRWD-GAN for SAR-to-Optical Image Translation J. Wei et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15102547
145. How UAVs Bridge the Sea–Air–Space Gaps in Ocean Observing: Technological chains, collaborative frameworks, and system implementation G. Zhou et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/MGRS.2026.3685716
146. OMA‐SSR: Optical‐guided multi‐kernel attention based SAR image super‐resolution reconstruction network Y. Li & F. Xu https://doi.org/10.1049/ipr2.70008
147. MIFNet: Learning Modality-Invariant Features for Generalizable Multimodal Image Matching Y. Liu et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIP.2025.3574937
148. Exploring the Potential of Unsupervised Image Synthesis for SAR-Optical Image Matching W. Du et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3079327
149. SOSSF: Landsat-8 Image Synthesis on the Blending of Sentinel-1 and MODIS Data Y. Xia et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2024.3352662
150. DOGAN: DINO-Based Optical-Prior-Driven GAN for SAR-to-Optical Image Translation J. He et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2025.3606979
151. First Results on Wake Detection in SAR Images by Deep Learning R. Del Prete et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13224573
152. OpenSARUrban: A Sentinel-1 SAR Image Dataset for Urban Interpretation J. Zhao et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTARS.2019.2954850
153. Multi-Source Remote Sensing Pretraining Based on Contrastive Self-Supervised Learning C. Liu et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14184632
154. Multimodal image generation and fusion through content-style hybrid disentanglement X. Cao et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.knosys.2025.114597
155. AWM-GAN: SAR-to-Optical Image Translation with Adaptive Weight Maps S. Pyeon et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs17233878
156. SpaceNet 9—Cross-Sensor Alignment of Optical and SAR Imagery R. Hänsch et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTARS.2026.3666103
157. Hybrid cGAN: Coupling Global and Local Features for SAR-to-Optical Image Translation Z. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2022.3212208
158. Advances and Challenges in Multimodal Remote Sensing Image Registration B. Zhu et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/JMASS.2023.3244848
159. SAR-to-Optical Image Translation Using Vision Transformer-Based CGAN S. Park et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2025.3555933
160. Noisy Remote Sensing Image Fusion Based on JSR X. Ma et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2973435
161. Edge-Preserving Convolutional Generative Adversarial Networks for SAR-to-Optical Image Translation J. Guo et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13183575
162. A Comparative Analysis of GAN-Based Methods for SAR-to-Optical Image Translation Y. Zhao et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/LGRS.2022.3177001
163. Simulation of NDVI imagery using Generative Adversarial Network and Sentinel-1 C-SAR data R. SONOBE et al. https://doi.org/10.4287/jsprs.61.80
164. Deep Learning Meets SAR: Concepts, models, pitfalls, and perspectives X. Zhu et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/MGRS.2020.3046356
165. Robust Coarse-to-Fine Registration Algorithm for Optical and SAR Images Based on Two Novel Multiscale and Multidirectional Features X. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2024.3417217
166. A Collaborative Despeckling Method for SAR Images Based on Texture Classification G. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14061465
167. A Semi-Supervised Image-to-Image Translation Framework for SAR–Optical Image Matching W. Du et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/LGRS.2022.3223353
168. Cosine Similarity Template Matching Networks for Optical and SAR Image Registration W. Xiong et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTARS.2024.3504555
169. MT_GAN: A SAR-to-optical image translation method for cloud removal P. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2025.04.011
170. AdaNoise: Cycle-Consistent Image Translation With Domain-Adaptive Noise Perturbation X. Yang et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCSVT.2026.3681274
171. Unsupervised SAR and Optical Image Matching Using Siamese Domain Adaptation Z. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2022.3170316
172. Self-Supervised Classification of SAR Images With Optical Image Assistance C. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2023.3330826
173. Unpaired optical-to-SAR image translation with coordinate attention and differentiable histogram loss W. Yu et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2026.2621178
174. Correlation and Semantic Prior-Guided Multi-Scale Cross-Modal Interaction Network for SAR-OPT Image Fusion X. Hou et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs18070975
175. CIRSM-Net: A Cyclic Registration Network for SAR and Optical Images P. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2025.3540258
176. A benchmarking protocol for SAR colorization: From regression to deep learning approaches K. Shen et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neunet.2023.10.058
177. SAR and Optical Image Registration Based on Deep Learning with Co-Attention Matching Module J. Chen et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15153879
178. Description helps: Semantic and texture consistency constraints for SAR-to-optical translation F. Zhou et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.patcog.2026.113317
179. Serial GANs: A Feature-Preserving Heterogeneous Remote Sensing Image Transformation Model D. Tan et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13193968
180. A Deep Cross-Modality Hashing Network for SAR and Optical Remote Sensing Images Retrieval W. Xiong et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTARS.2020.3021390
181. Cross-Viewpoint Template Matching Based on Heterogeneous Feature Alignment and Pixel-Wise Consensus for Air- and Space-Based Platforms T. Hui et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15092426
182. SAR-to-Optical Image Translation With Hierarchical Latent Features H. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2022.3200996
183. K-Means Clustering Guided Generative Adversarial Networks for SAR-Optical Image Matching W. Du et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3042213
184. An Empirical Study of Adversarial Examples on Remote Sensing Image Scene Classification L. Chen et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2021.3051641
185. EDLRDPL_Net: A New Deep Dictionary Learning Network for SAR Image Classification X. Gao et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/LSP.2024.3402338
186. Physics-Aware Deep Learning for SAR and InSAR Remote Sensing: Models, Methods, and Open Challenges G. Taricco https://doi.org/10.3390/rs18152567
187. An Accurate and Robust Multimodal Template Matching Method Based on Center-Point Localization in Remote Sensing Imagery J. Yang et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16152831
188. Assessing the distribution pattern of otters in four rivers of the Indian Himalayan biodiversity hotspot N. Gupta et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/aqc.3284
189. BASHVS: A Multispectral and SAR Image Fusion Method Based on Bidirectional Aggregation of Saliency in Human Visual System X. Gong et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2025.3589428
190. Amplitude SAR Imagery Splicing Localization E. Cannas et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3161836
191. Segmentation-Guided Context Learning Using EO Object Labels for Stable SAR-to-EO Translation J. Lee et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/LGRS.2023.3344804
192. Conditional Diffusion for SAR to Optical Image Translation X. Bai et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/LGRS.2023.3337143