A Study on the Cooling Impact of the River Yamuna and its Surrounding LULC: A Case Study of New Delhi, India

Abstract. The unplanned growth of urban cities has adversely affected the thermal conditions. The Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) present in urban areas significantly impacts the thermal conditions of the surrounding environment. This study investigated the cooling effect of river in dense urban environments. It is conducted on the Yamuna river that flows through New Delhi, the capital city of India. The River Cooling Intensity (RCI) and River Cooling Range (RCR) assessment has been done for the summer season of May 2023 with the help of Landsat 8 images. The RCI ranged from 3.58°C to 1.16°C while the RCR varied from 1320 m to 360 m. It is observed that the river cooling effect is higher in the built-up class while the vegetation class weakens the effect of river cooling intensity and range. Zonal mean temperature varies from 32.02°C to 34.82°C according to the LULC distribution. This study provides valuable insights into the relationship between river cooling and temperature regulation according to the LULC classes. It also establishes the presence of an urban cool island inside the city region due to the river, as the mean temperature of the river surrounding (33.83°C) was lower than that of the city (35.73°C).