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Volume XII-4/W1-2026, 2026 | ISPRS TC IV (WG IV/9)
21st International 3D GeoInfo Conference

28–29 September 2026, Sofia, Bulgaria
Editor(s): Dessislava Petrova-Antonova, Mila Koeva, and Sisi Zlatanova
Volumes
Volumes

Volume XII-4/W1-2026, 2026 | ISPRS TC IV (WG IV/9)
21st International 3D GeoInfo Conference

28–29 September 2026, Sofia, Bulgaria
Editor(s): Dessislava Petrova-Antonova, Mila Koeva, and Sisi Zlatanova
Author index | Keyword index
28 Sep 2026
A Comparative Analysis of Four Semantic Segmentation Models for Classification of Building Structural Elements in Highly Occluded Environments
Mojtaba Akhoundi Khezrabad, Davood Shojaei, and Martin Tomko
ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XII-4/W1-2026, 1–8, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-1-2026,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-1-2026, 2026
28 Sep 2026
Memory-Efficient 3D Scene Understanding via Quantized Multi-View Features
Ashkan Alami and Fabio Remondino
ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XII-4/W1-2026, 9–16, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-9-2026,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-9-2026, 2026
28 Sep 2026
PostGIS-Unity integration for scalable 2D/3D geospatial visualisation and querying
Mitko Aleksandrov, Sisi Zlatanova, and Angela Schwering
ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XII-4/W1-2026, 17–24, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-17-2026,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-17-2026, 2026
28 Sep 2026
A STAC Extension for discovering and cataloguing 3D city models
Hidemichi Baba and Hugo Ledoux
ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XII-4/W1-2026, 25–32, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-25-2026,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-25-2026, 2026
28 Sep 2026
Direct 3D extreme rainfall risk mapping from urban aerial LiDAR point clouds
Jesús Balado and Filip Biljecki
ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XII-4/W1-2026, 33–40, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-33-2026,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-33-2026, 2026
28 Sep 2026
Dynamic 3D Solar Irradiation Modelling for Vehicle-Integrated Photovoltaics. High-Resolution Route-Based Assessment of Electric Bus Fleets Using CityGML and Distributed PostGIS Processing
Christian Braun, David Pera, Philippe Pinheiro, and Ulrich Leopold
ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XII-4/W1-2026, 41–48, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-41-2026,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-41-2026, 2026
28 Sep 2026
Exploring Point Cloud Interaction and AI Features for Sewer System 3D-Scans
Markus Brøndberg Nielsen, Lasse Hedegaard Hansen, Ivan Nikolov, and Lars Bodum
ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XII-4/W1-2026, 49–55, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-49-2026,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-49-2026, 2026
28 Sep 2026
MapAnything: Evaluating Monocular Metric Depth Models for 3D Urban Asset Localization
Miriam L. Carnot, Jonas Kunze, Erik Q. Fastermann, Eric Peukert, André Ludwig, and Bogdan Franczyk
ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XII-4/W1-2026, 57–64, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-57-2026,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-57-2026, 2026
28 Sep 2026
Initial Bounding of Partial Optimal Transport for Point Cloud Co-Registration
Irvin Chadraa, Xinru Zhu, Esteban Tabak, and Debra F. Laefer
ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XII-4/W1-2026, 65–72, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-65-2026,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-65-2026, 2026
28 Sep 2026
Enhancing semantic segmentation of construction scenes using IFC-derived synthetic point clouds for geometric Digital Twins
Inshu Chauhan, Druhin Abrol, and Olli Seppänen
ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XII-4/W1-2026, 73–80, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-73-2026,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-73-2026, 2026
28 Sep 2026
Roof Structure Extraction from Remote Sensing Images
Hsin-Yu Cheng, Weixiao Gao, and Liangliang Nan
ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XII-4/W1-2026, 81–88, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-81-2026,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-81-2026, 2026
28 Sep 2026
Exploring Multivariate Geospatial Data Through Interactive Feature-Space Mapping and Visualization
Jürgen Döllner and Josafat-Mattias Burmeister
ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XII-4/W1-2026, 89–96, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-89-2026,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-89-2026, 2026
28 Sep 2026
A Point Cloud Filtering Method for Reservoir Bank Slopes Integrating Scene Classification and Ridge Detection
Anyang Dong and Yansong Duan
ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XII-4/W1-2026, 97–104, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-97-2026,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-97-2026, 2026
28 Sep 2026
The Way Forwards for 3D Mapping at National Mapping and Cadastral Agencies
Claire Ellul, Knut Jetlund, Jack Metcalfe, Jantien Stoter, Stefano Cavazzi, and Andre Streilein
ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XII-4/W1-2026, 105–112, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-105-2026,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-105-2026, 2026
28 Sep 2026
Understanding the Owner/Operator Perspective on Location-enabled Digital Twins for Operation & Maintenance in Transportation Infrastructure
Georgios Floros and Claire Ellul
ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XII-4/W1-2026, 113–120, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-113-2026,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-113-2026, 2026
28 Sep 2026
Scale-Invariant Object Contour Points (SIOCP): Integrating Instance Segmentation, Computer Vision and Geometric Refinement for Exact Contour and Keypoint Extraction of Façade Elements from Urban Images
Florian Frank, Venus Shah, Ludwig Hoegner, and Rico Richter
ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XII-4/W1-2026, 121–128, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-121-2026,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-121-2026, 2026
28 Sep 2026
Towards Formalizing Scenario Modeling in Semantic 3D City Models
Thomas Fröch, Korbinian Kringer, and Thomas H. Kolbe
ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XII-4/W1-2026, 129–136, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-129-2026,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-129-2026, 2026
28 Sep 2026
Open Urban Simulations All the Way: Extending VoxCity to CityGML and Project PLATEAU
Kunihiko Fujiwara and Filip Biljecki
ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XII-4/W1-2026, 137–144, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-137-2026,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-137-2026, 2026
28 Sep 2026
Wireframe Extraction of Urban Linear Objects from Aerial Lidar Point Clouds
Haohua Gan, Hugo Ledoux, and Weixiao Gao
ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XII-4/W1-2026, 145–152, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-145-2026,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-145-2026, 2026
28 Sep 2026
Extraction of Interior and Exterior IFC Building Surfaces by Visibility-Based Mapping for Point-Cloud-to-BIM Comparison
Radmir Gesler, Rico Richter, Ute Wagner, and Margitta Pries
ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XII-4/W1-2026, 153–160, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-153-2026,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-153-2026, 2026
28 Sep 2026
Representation of CityGML 3.0 Dynamizers in Web Streaming Formats for 4D Urban Digital Twins
Joseph Gitahi and Thomas H. Kolbe
ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XII-4/W1-2026, 161–168, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-161-2026,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-161-2026, 2026
28 Sep 2026
Representing and Querying 3D Cadastral Data Using GeoSPARQL: Compatibilities and Gaps in Australia
Pavan Sai Goud Goddu, Shokoufeh Farhadi Zangabad, Jihye Shin, Hamed Olfat, Ashleigh Foreman, Sisi Zlatanova, and Mohsen Kalantari
ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XII-4/W1-2026, 169–177, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-169-2026,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-169-2026, 2026
28 Sep 2026
Design Space for Visualizing Multimedia Documents in Spatio-Temporal-Thematic Urban Context
Akin Gulfidan, Pierre-Antoine Chiron, John Samuel, Valérie Gouet-Brunet, and Gilles Gesquière
ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XII-4/W1-2026, 179–186, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-179-2026,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-179-2026, 2026
28 Sep 2026
Data-Aware 3D Model Enrichment: A Multimodal Pipeline Combining LiDAR Point Clouds and Geotagged Imagery
Rashid Haffadi and Roland Billen
ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XII-4/W1-2026, 187–194, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-187-2026,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-187-2026, 2026
28 Sep 2026
A Multisource Framework for Reliable Open Urban Tree Species Dataset from Airborne LiDAR and Field Inventory Data
Nada Hamdani, Imane Abouhat, Kenza Ait El Kadi, Saloua Bensiali, and Imane Sebari
ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XII-4/W1-2026, 195–201, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-195-2026,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-195-2026, 2026
28 Sep 2026
SVI2LoD3: Agent-Driven Reconstruction of LoD3 Façade Openings in Semantic 3D City Models from Volunteered Street View Imagery using Large Language and Visual Models
Elmehdi Kanna, Lukas Arzoumanidis, Huynh Duc An Son Nguyen, and Youness Dehbi
ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XII-4/W1-2026, 203–210, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-203-2026,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-203-2026, 2026
28 Sep 2026
Enabling AI Agents for Semantic 3D City Models through Automated Domain Context Generation
Khaoula Kanna and Thomas H. Kolbe
ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XII-4/W1-2026, 211–218, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-211-2026,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-211-2026, 2026
28 Sep 2026
CityLLM: A framework for natural-language querying of semantic 3D city models
Rabindra Lamsal, Sisi Zlatanova, and Johnson Xuesong Shen
ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XII-4/W1-2026, 219–226, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-219-2026,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-219-2026, 2026
28 Sep 2026
Closing the Loop: Perceptually-Guided Iterative Generation of LoD2.0 3D Building Meshes for Building Digital Cousin development
Lingfeng Liao, Chenbo Zhao, Yoshihide Sekimoto, and Yoshiki Ogawa
ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XII-4/W1-2026, 227–234, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-227-2026,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-227-2026, 2026
28 Sep 2026
Towards Submission-Stage Validation in BIM-to-Cadastre Workflows: Assessing IDS 1.0 for 3D Condominium Registration in Morocco
Imane Meliana and Rafika Hajji
ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XII-4/W1-2026, 235–242, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-235-2026,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-235-2026, 2026
28 Sep 2026
Citywide Assessment of Urban Tree Shading on Roof and Facade Solar Radiation Using Semantic 3D City Models
Markus Münzinger, Bruno Willenborg, Thomas H. Kolbe, Dirk Burghardt, and Martin Behnisch
ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XII-4/W1-2026, 243–250, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-243-2026,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-243-2026, 2026
28 Sep 2026
A Sensor-to-API Data Infrastructure for Building Digital Twins: Harmonizing Multi-Rate IoT Energy and Indoor Data Streams for Proactive Analytics
Joan W. Njoroge, Mila Koeva, Mahdi Farnaghi, Dessislava Petrova-Antonova, and Mariya Pantusheva
ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XII-4/W1-2026, 251–258, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-251-2026,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-251-2026, 2026
28 Sep 2026
Bridging Observed and Modeled Cities: Multi-Band Consensus Footprints for MLS-to-CityGML Registration in Urban Environments
Marco Antonio Ortiz Rincón, Yihui Yang, and Christoph Holst
ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XII-4/W1-2026, 259–266, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-259-2026,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-259-2026, 2026
28 Sep 2026
End-to-End Pothole Detection and Semantic 3D City Model Enrichment Using LoRA-Adapted Foundation Models and Open Street-Level Imagery
Badred-Edine Ouzougarh, Jannik Matijevic, Huynh Duc An Son Nguyen, Lukas Arzoumanidis, and Youness Dehbi
ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XII-4/W1-2026, 267–275, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-267-2026,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-267-2026, 2026
28 Sep 2026
A proposed framework for generating plausible cities
Oliver J. Post, Hugo Ledoux, and Akshay Patil
ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XII-4/W1-2026, 277–284, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-277-2026,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-277-2026, 2026
28 Sep 2026
Robust and Detailed 3D Building Model Generation from Airborne Laser Scanning Point Clouds via Piecewise Affine-Linear Mumford-Shah Segmentation
Julian Rasch, Jonas Luft, Ali Razavian, and Jannik Reinke
ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XII-4/W1-2026, 285–292, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-285-2026,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-285-2026, 2026
28 Sep 2026
Assessing and fixing LOD2 building models for Urban Energy Digital Twin
Oscar Roman, Giorgio Agugiaro, Ken Arroyo Ohori, Elisa Mariarosaria Farella, and Fabio Remondino
ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XII-4/W1-2026, 293–300, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-293-2026,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-293-2026, 2026
28 Sep 2026
From Versioned Cities to Versioned Documents: Extending CityRDF for Modelling Urban Documentation over Time
Diego Vinasco-Alvarez, John Samuel, Pierre-Antoine Chiron, Sylvie Servigne, and Gilles Gesquière
ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XII-4/W1-2026, 301–308, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-301-2026,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-301-2026, 2026
28 Sep 2026
A conceptual framework of 3D urban evacuation simulation under flooding: Integrating urban digital twins with agent-based modelling
Ruihang Xie, Fuko Nakai, and Yoshihide Sekimoto
ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XII-4/W1-2026, 309–316, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-309-2026,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-309-2026, 2026
28 Sep 2026
An Exploratory Study of Transformer-Based Generative AI Surrogate Modeling for 3D Wildfire Spread Simulation in Voxelized City
Haowen Xu, Sisi Zlatanova, Ruiyu Liang, and Ismet Canbulat
ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XII-4/W1-2026, 317–324, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-317-2026,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-317-2026, 2026
28 Sep 2026
Towards a smart heritage information infrastructure: integrating multiple geometric representations and sharing semantics
Yingwen Yu, Peter van Oosterom, Edward Verbree, Uta Pottgiesser, Yuyang Peng, and Zhuoyue Wang
ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XII-4/W1-2026, 325–333, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-325-2026,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-325-2026, 2026
28 Sep 2026
Episode-Based Highlighting of Transitional Spaces in Gaussian Splatting for Indoor Wayfinding
Adibah Nurul Yunisya, Sisi Zlatanova, Edward Verbree, and Peter van Oosterom
ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XII-4/W1-2026, 335–342, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-335-2026,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-335-2026, 2026
28 Sep 2026
Spatially Constrained Clustering Framework for Urban Heat Risk Zone Identification
Agata Zabuska, Lidia Lazarova Vitanova, Tereza Trendafilova, and Dessislava Petrova-Antonova
ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XII-4/W1-2026, 343–350, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-343-2026,https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W1-2026-343-2026, 2026
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