Urban Digital Twins in Practice: A Survey-Based Analysis of Data Integration Levels and Approaches

Jeddoub, Imane; Lei, Binyu; Biljecki, Filip; Hajji, Rafika; Billen, Roland

doi:10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W2-2026-65-2026

Articles | Volume XII-4/W2-2026

https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W2-2026-65-2026

© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-XII-4-W2-2026-65-2026

© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Articles | Volume XII-4/W2-2026

28 Sep 2026

| 28 Sep 2026

Urban Digital Twins in Practice: A Survey-Based Analysis of Data Integration Levels and Approaches

Imane Jeddoub, Binyu Lei, Filip Biljecki, Rafika Hajji, and Roland Billen

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Latest update: 29 Sep 2026

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