MAVEN Observations Uncover Enhanced Electron Density Variations in Mars' Crustal Magnetic Field Regions

The effect of the CMEs on the Earth is a vital issue to support our life from their damage. Then, we considered to study how CMEs interact with the magnetosphere and ionosphere of the Earth. In this line, we find the arrival time of the CMEs with EUHFORIA and then investigate how the Earth's magnetosphere and ionosphere respond to the arrival CMEs. It was found that EUHFORIA and Gorgon-Space codes are in good agreement to study the CMEs propagation and their interaction with Earth.

The study highlights that interactions of CMEs play a significant role in determining their impact on Earth, highlighting that their initial speeds, while similar, are less influential. Besides, the EUHFORIA numerical model align with the findings of the GFZ German research center, this implies that EUHFORIA has also the capability to compute and potentially forecast the impact of CMEs on the Earth.